Price leaks Microsoft Office 2010

Office 2010 has not been formally introduced to the market. But the price range of the latest Microsoft Office suite has been circulated earlier.

In general, there are four editions of Office 2010 that will be offered to the market. First, Office Home &; dibanderol standard Student U.S. $ 149 for a package (box wear) and U.S. $ 119 for a version of the weekly and is activated by key cards.

Then there's edition of the Home Office for the workers and small businesses for U.S. $ 279 version of the box, U.S. $ 199 with a key card.

Upper-class version of Office Professional Edition 2010 is equipped with a number of tools for the corporate and pegged U.S. $ 499 box and U.S. $ 349 key card.

While for the most efficient version is Office Professional Academic for students and teachers, which could cost up to U.S. $ 99. So detikINET quotes from Information Week, Monday (1/2/2010).

Want to buy direct? Patient first, because Office 2010 will be formally introduced Microsoft's new fastest mid-year or no later than the end of the year.

In addition, Microsoft is also usually the price difference based on the status of their application. This means that prices set in developed countries are not the same as the dibanderol in developing countries.

Coding Assembly in Linux

Assembly nowadays is a hard thing to learn, not because it's difficult but
because people thinks that there is no reason to learn assembly! That's
not true... With assembly you can have total power above the computer, and
know exactly what he's doing. Try to remember that while trying to learn!
You may wondering: Why to read this tut? Good point... There are thousands
of papers for programming assembly in x86. That's true... But did they
teach you how to make apps for linux? Did they talked about linux
interrupts? I don't think so... There are many tutorials about programming
assembly for x86 in dos and windows, but very few on linux. I want to
change that. So this is the first issue of a collection of papers about
that. If you find that this paper has any error, please contact me and let
me know.

##### Index #####

1. Numbering systems
1.1. Decimal system
1.2. Binary system
1.2.1. Converting a binary number to a decimal number
1.2.2. Converting a decimal number to a binary number
1.3. Hexadecimal system
1.4. Conventions
2. Binaries in computers
2.1. Bit
2.2. Nibble
2.3. Byte
2.4. Word
2.5. Double word

###################### 1. Numbering systems ######################

1.1. Decimal system

Nowadays we use the decimal numbering system in almost everything that is
related to numbers. We use it so often and in a natural way that we forget
it's meaning. What is decimal system?

. Every decimal number, has only digits between zero and nine,
making a total of 10 digits
Note: how many fingers do you have? ...10. In fact the decimal
system is bound to human anatomy.
. Ok, and what is the meaning of each digit? Consider the
following numbers: 234 and 234,43
We do some transformations
-> 234 i.e. 200 + 30 + 4 i.e. 2 * 10^2 + 3 * 10^1 + 4 * 10^0
-> 234,43 = 2 * 10^2 + 3 * 10^1 + 4 * 10^0 + 0,43 = 2 * 10^2 + 3 *
10^1 + 4 * 10^0 + 4 * 10^-1 + 3 * 10^-2
Do you see the relation? Each digit appearing to the left of the
decimal point represents a value between zero and nine times an increasing
power of ten. Digits appearing to the right of the decimal point represent
a value between zero and nine times a decreasing power of ten.

1.2. Binary system

Binary system uses only two digits, by convention the digits are 0 and 1.
This system is so widely used in computers... By coincidence or not this
system adjusts perfectly to computers... Computers operate using binary
logic. The computer represents values using two different voltage levels,
in this way we can represent 0 and 1. Like I said before the same applies
to binary system, it is well adjust to computer anatomy!

1.2.1. Converting a binary number to a decimal number
Apply the same rule we saw in 1.1, but with powers of two.
Example: 1010 -> 1 * 2^3 + 0 * 2^2 + 1 * 2^1 + 0 * 2^0 = 10
1.2.2. Converting a decimal number to a binary number

We have two ways to do it:

1.2.2.1 We consecutively divide the decimal value by a power
two(keeping the remainder), while the result of the division is different
than zero. The binary representation is obtained by the sequence of
remainders in the inverse order of the divisions.

Consider the number 10(in decimal):

10 / 2
0 5 / 2
1 2 / 2
0 1 / 2
1 0

So in binary we write 1010

1.2.2.2 You can try to find out the number by adding powers of two,
that added will produce the decimal result.

Consider for example number 123... hmmm it's a number not less than 2^0
and not greater then 2^7. Cool…

2^7 2^6 2^5 2^4 2^3 2^2 2^1 2^0
0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 because 1 * 2^6 + 1 * 2^5 + 1 *
2^4 + 1 * 2^3 + 0 * 2^2 + 1*2^1 + 1 * 2^0
= 123
Our result is 1111011.

1.3. Hexadecimal system

You saw how many digits took to represent the number 123 in binary. 7
digits! Imagine 1200, 10000,... it hurts. So programmers had to choose
another numbering system, just to "talk" to the machine... and no... it's
not the decimal system!! You saw the trouble we had to convert one simple
number like 10 between decimal and binary... I think you don't want to
spend half of your life doing that. Engineers thought on that and they
elected the hexadecimal system... Hexadecimals is the "english" for
computers. They have two special features:
- They're very compact
- it's simple to convert them to binary and vice-versa. A
hexadecimal number has digits with a value between 0 and 15 times a
certain power of sixteen. Because we only know digits between 0-9 we have
to use six more digits! We can use the 6 first letters of the alphabet.
Let's see a example: FF = 15 * 16^1 + 15 * 16^0 = 255 (16) (10)

Converting between binary and hexadecimal is very easy! To convert binary
to hexadecimal remember that every four digits correspond to a single
hexadecimal digit... to convert back to binary just apply the inverse
rule! Let's take a look at the next example:

110 1011 = 0110 1011 =6B
(2) (16)

It's very easy!! To make things easier, take a look at the following
table:

################
# D # H # B #
################
# 0 # 0 # 0000 #
# 1 # 1 # 0001 #
# 2 # 2 # 0010 #
# 3 # 3 # 0011 #
# 4 # 4 # 0100 #
# 5 # 5 # 0101 #
# 6 # 6 # 0110 #
# 7 # 7 # 0111 #
# 8 # 8 # 1000 #
# 9 # 9 # 1001 #
#10 # A # 1010 #
#11 # B # 1011 #
#12 # C # 1100 #
#13 # D # 1101 #
#14 # E # 1110 #
#15 # F # 1111 #
################

1.4. Conventions

Programming in assembly, requires you to obey some rules when using
numbers, because you can use three different numbering systems.

When writing a number:

- all numbers have to start with a decimal digit
- all numbers end with a letter, indicating the type of number:
. for hexadecimals the letter is h
. binary numbers end with b
. decimals end with t or d We will use the following notation:

Xn Xn-1 ... X2 X1 -> Xi represents a bit, and i<-[0,1,...,n] represents
it's position.

Encrypt Files On Mac OS X

Most people store some kind of data on their computer that they don't want other people to see or use. Whether it is financial information, confidential files for work or files you shouldn't have in the first place, it is often hard to guarantee that no one has seen them. If your computer was stolen, for example, you would hope that the thief would just wipe the hard drive, but there is no way to be sure. Leaving your Mac logged on in the office or at home also allows other people to gain access to your private data.

Encryption

The easiest and most secure way to protect your files is an encrypted folder. This means that a password is needed to access the files within it, and the files won't show up in Spotlight searches. Moreover, it is almost impossible to decrypt the data without that password, even with data recovery tools.

Mac OS X comes with FileVault, which you can turn on from the System Preferences. However, this really is overkill as it encrypts your entire user folder, including your music, photos and files that really don't need to be protected.


A much better option is to use Disk Utility (located in Applications/Utilities) to create an encrypted disk image. This is just like a normal disk image (downloaded software often comes in one), but to mount it on your desktop you need to provide the correct password.

To create an encrypted disk image, open up Disk Utility, go to the File menu and choose New - Blank Disk Image. In the dialog box that appears choose a name for your disk image and where you want to save it. The size is a maximum that the disk image can hold, so the preset sizes for CDs and DVDs are useful for if you want to burn the contents when it gets full. Choose AES-128 encryption and sparse disk image from the Format drop down menu.


Now when you click Create, you will be prompted to enter your password. To really protect your data, don't choose a password that you use for everything else or something that is easily guess-able. Press the key button next to the password field to open the Password Assistant. This will help you choose a password that is both easy to remember and hard to crack. The best type to choose from the menu is "Memorable" as the others are a bit more complicated. Obviously longer passwords are more secure, but you have to find the right balance. If you don't like the password that the assistant suggests, press the down arrow next to the password to see a list of other suggestions. Alternatively, type in your own password and it will tell you how good it is and give tips on how to improve it.



Remember to deselect the "Remember Password" option before pressing OK, as that would really defeat the point of creating the disk image in the first place. Now your encrypted disk image will be located in where you chose to save it. When you double-click it you will be prompted for the password, then it will mount on your desktop and also appear in the Sidebar of every window.


Hiding

For some people there is no need to encrypt data. For a quick, temporary solution you can just hide away your files on your Mac. This is much less secure and far from foolproof, but quite often it is as much as you need.

Probably the best place to put your files is in the Library folder. The main benefits of this are that it isn't searched by Spotlight, and that there are hundreds of other files in there already. The Application Support folder in you Library is a good place, as there are all sorts of random files in there. You might also want to rename your file if it has a name that stands out ( super-secret-file.doc for example).

Windows 7 Tip and Tweaks

Windows 7 Keyboard Shortcuts

Let's kick off with keyboard shortcuts – the first thing every power user must memorize with working with a new operating system.
Alt + P



In Windows Explorer, activate an additional file preview pane to the right side of the window with this new shortcut. This panel is great for previewing images in your photos directory.
Windows + + (plus key)
Windows + - (minus key)





Pressing the Windows and plus or minus keys activates the Magnifier, which lets you zoom in on the entire desktop or open a rectangular magnifying lens to zoom in and out of parts of your screen. You can customize the Magnifier options to follow your mouse pointer or keyboard cursor. Keep in mind that so far, the Magnifier only works when Aero desktop is enabled.
Windows + Up
Windows + Down

If a window is not maximized, pressing Windows + Up will fill it to your screen. Windows + Down will minimize that active window. Unfortunately, pressing Windows + Up again while a window is minimized won’t return it to its former state.
Windows + Shift + Up



Similar to the shortcut above, hitting these three keys while a window is active will stretch it vertically to the maximum desktop height. The width of the window will however stay the same. Pressing Windows + Down will restore it to its previous size.
Windows + Left
Windows + Right





One of the new features of Windows 7 is the ability to automatically make a window fill up half of your screen by dragging to the left or right. This pair of shortcuts performs the same function without your mouse. Once a window is fixed to one side of the screen, you can repeat the shortcut to flip it to the other side. This is useful if you’re extending a desktop across multiple monitors, which prevents you from executing this trick with a mouse.
Windows + Home

This shortcut performs a similar function to hovering over a window’s peek menu thumbnail in the Taskbar. The active window will stay on your desktop while every other open application is minimized. Pressing this shortcut again will restore all the other windows.
Windows + E



Automatically opens up a new Explorer window to show your Libraries folder.
Windows + P



Manage your multiple-monitor more efficiently with this handy shortcut. Windows + P opens up a small overlay that lets you configure a second display or projector. You can switch from a single monitor to dual-display in either mirror or extend desktop mode.
Windows + Shift + Left
Windows + Shift + Right

If you are using two or more displays (and who isn’t, these days?), memorize this shortcut to easily move a window from one screen to the other. The window retains its size and relative position on the new screen, which his useful when working with multiple documents. Utilize that real estate!
Windows + [Number]

Programs (and new instances) pinned to your Taskbar can be launched by hitting Windows and the number corresponding to its placement on the Taskbar. Windows + 1, for example, launches the first application, while Windows + 4 will launch the fourth. We realize that this is actually one key-press more than just clicking the icon with your mouse, but it saves your hand the trouble of leaving the comfort of the keyboard.
Windows + T



Like Alt + Tab (still our all time favorite Windows specific shortcut), Windows + T cycles through your open programs via the Taskbar’s peek menu.
Windows + Space



This combo performs the same function as moving your mouse to the bottom right of the Taskbar. It makes every active window transparent so you can view your desktop. The windows only remain transparent as long as you’re holding down the Windows key.
Ctrl + Shift + Click

Hold down Ctrl and Shift while launching an application from the Taskbar or start menu to launch it with full administrative rights.
Ctrl + Click

Hold down Ctrl while repeatedly clicking a program icon in the Taskbar will toggle between the instances of that application, like multiple Firefox windows (though not browser tabs).

Calibrate Text Rendering and Color

The first thing you need to do after a clean install of Windows 7 on a laptop is to tune and calibrate CleartType text and Display Color. Windows 7 includes two built-in wizards that run you through the entire process, pain free.

Launch ClearType Text Tuning by typing “cttune” in the Start Menu search field and opening the search result. You’ll go through a brief series of steps that asks you to identify the best-looking text rendering method.

For Display Color Calibration – very useful if you’re using Windows 7 with a projector or large-screen LCD – search and launch “dccw” from the Start Menu. It’ll run you through a series of pages where you can adjust the gamma, brightness, contrast, and color of the screen to make images look their best.


Better Font Management and a New Graceful Font

Font management is much improved in Windows 7. Gone is the “Add Fonts” dialog , replaced with additional functionality in the Fonts folder. First, the folder shows font previews in each font file’s icon (viewed with Large or Extra Large icons). Fonts from a single set will no longer show up as different fonts and are now combined as a single family (which can be expanded by double clicking the icon). You can also toggle fonts on and off by right clicking a font icon and selected the “hide” option. This will prevent applications from loading the font (and therefore save memory), but keep the file retained in the Font folder.

A new font called Gabriola also comes bundled with Windows 7, which takes advantage of the new OpenType and DirectWrite (Direct2D) rendering.
The Gaming Grotto is a Less Ghetto

One of our biggest pet peeves of Windows Vista is the Games Folder, which we not-so-affectionately refer to as the Gaming Grotto. Games for Windows titles and other game shortcuts would automatically install to this directory, which we could only access with a Start Menu shortcut. The concept wasn’t bad except for the fact that it prevented us from starting a game up from the Start Menu search bar. We could call up any other program by typing its name in the Start Menu field except the games installed to the Games Folder. Fortunately, this oversight is fixed in Windows 7.


Become More Worldly with Hidden Wallpapers

Windows 7 Beta comes with the Betta fish as its default desktop wallpaper, but it also includes six desktop backgrounds catered to your region (as identified when you first installed the OS). US users, for example, get six 1900x1200 images showing off famous National Parks and beaches. The available wallpapers for other regions are still included in a hidden folder.

To access these international wallpapers, bring up the Start Menu search bar and type “Globalization”. The only result should be a folder located in the main Windows directory. You should only be able to see “ELS and “Sorting” folders here so far. Next, search for “MCT” in the top right search bar. This will display five new unindexed folders, each corresponding to a different global region. Browse these folders for extra themes and wallpapers!


Take Control of UAC

Despite good intentions, User Account Control pop-ups were one of the most annoying aspects of Vista, and a feature that most of us immediately disabled after a clean install. UAC in Windows 7 displays fewer warnings, but you can also fine-tune its notification habits by launching the UAC Settings from the start menu. Just type “UAC” in the Start Menu search field and click the result. We find that setting just above “Never notify” gives a comfortable balance between mindful security and incessant nagging.

Calculate your Mortgage and Other Maths Tricks

Wordpad and Paint aren’t the only upgraded programs in Windows 7. The reliable Calculator applet has been beefed up to do more than just basic arithmetic. In Vista, the Calculator had Standard and Scientific modes. Now, you can toggle between Standard, Scientific, Programmer, and even Statistics modes.



In addition, the Options menu lets you pull out many new automated conversation tools, such has Unit Conversion (ie. Angles, Temperature, Velocity, or Volume) and Date Calculation (calculate the difference between two dates). More templates give you the ability to crunch Gas Mileage, Lease, and even Mortgage estimates based on any variables you input.


Track Your Actions with Problem Steps Recorder

The primary reason for releasing the Windows 7 Beta was for Microsoft’s developers to get feedback from users. (Notice the glaring Send Feedback link at the top of every window?) In addition, the devs have built in a diagnostic tool called Problem Steps Recorder that combines screen captures with mouse tracking to record your actions. You can launch this program from the Start Menu by typing “psr.exe” in the search field.



Hit the Record button and Problem Steps Recorder starts tracking your mouse and keyboard input while taking screenshots that correspond with each new action. Stop recording and your session is saved to an HTML slide show recreating your steps, in which you can add comments and annotations. It’s particularly useful if you need to create a tutorial for a computer-illiterate relative.
Explore from “My Computer”

Windows Explorer’s default landing folder is the Libraries directory, but some of us are more comfortable with using “My Computer” as the default node, especially if we use multiple hard drives and external storage devices.

To change the default node, find Windows Explorer in the Start Menu by typing “explorer” in the Start Menu search field and right click the first result. Select “Properties”. Under the Shortcut tab, the Target location should read: %SystemRoot% and the Target should be: %SystemRoot%\explorer.exe



Paste the following in the Target field: %SystemRoot%\explorer.exe /root,::{20D04FE0-3AEA-1069-A2D8-08002B30309D}

New instances of Explorer will open up to “My Computer”. You’ll need to unpin and replace the existing Explorer shortcut from the Taskbar to complete the transition. Just right-click the icon, hit, “Unpin this program from the taskbar” to remove it, and then drag Explorer from the Start Menu back into place.
Burn, Baby, Burn

No more messing around with malware-infected free burning software – Windows 7 comes loaded with DVD and CD ISO burning software. Double-click your image file and Windows will start a tiny program window to help burn your disc. It’s a barebones app, but it works!

Reveal All of Your Drives

If you use built-in memory card readers in a 3.5” drive bay or on your Dell Monitor, empty memory card slots will not show up as drives in My Computer. But that doesn’t mean they’re not still there! To reveal hidden memory card slots, open up My Computer. Press Alt to show the toolbar at the top of the screen, and go to Folder Options under Tools. Hit the View tab and uncheck the “Hide empty drives in the Computer folder” option.


Arrange Your Taskbar (System Tray, Too)

The programs that you pin to your Taskbar can be moved around to any order you want, whether they’re just shortcut icons or actually active applications. We recommend moving frequently used programs and folders to the front of the stack, so it’ll be easily to launch them with the aforementioned Windows + [number] shortcut. The Taskbar, if unlocked, can also be dragged to latch to the left, right, or even top of your desktop. Windows 7 improves side-docked Taskbar support with better gradient rendering and shortcut support. It really works well if you’re using a widescreen monitor.

Just as the Taskbar icons can be rearranged at will, the icons in the System Tray (actually called Notification Area) can be dragged and set to any order as well. Hidden Icons can be dragged back into view, and you can hide icons by dropping them into the Hidden Icon well – which is easier than working through the Notification Area Customization menu.
Bring Quick Launch Back from the Dead

The Quick Launch is superfluous with the presence of the updated Taskbar, but you can still bring it back with the following steps:

• Right-click the Taskbar, hover over Toolbars, and select New Toolbar.
• In the Folder selection field at the bottom, enter the following string:
%userprofile%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Quick Launch
• Turn off the “lock the Taskbar” setting, and right-click on the divider. Disable “Show Text” and “Show Title” and set the view option to “Small Icons”.
• Drag the divider to rearrange the toolbar order to put Quick Launch where you want it, and then right-click the Taskbar to lock it again.


Cling to Vista’s Taskbar

Let’s start with the bad news: Windows 7 eliminates the option to use the classic grey Windows 2000-style Taskbar. You’re also committed to the modern version of the Start Menu. But the good news is that you can still tweak the Taskbar to make it run like it did in Windows Vista – replacing the program icons with full names of each open app.



Right-click the Taskbar and hit properties. Check the “use small icons” box and select “combine when Taskbar is full” from the dropdown menu under Taskbar buttons. You still get the peekview thumbnail feature of the Taskbar, and inactive program remain as single icons, but opened programs will display their full names. Combine this with the old-school Quick Launch toolbar to complete the Vista illusion.


Banish Programs to the System Tray

All active programs show up as icons on the Taskbar, whether you want them to or not. While this is useful for web browsing or word processing, your taskbar can get cluttered up with icons you would normally expect to be hidden away, like for Steam or a chat client. You can keep active instances of these programs hidden away in the System Tray/Notification Area by right-clicking their shortcuts, navigating to the Compatibility tab, and selecting “Windows Vista” under the Compatibility Mode drop-down menu. This only works for programs that would previously hide away from the Taskbar in Vista.

Accelerate your Start Menu

The Start Menu hasn’t changed much from Vista, but there are some notable improvements. The default power button is thankfully changed to Shut Down the system, as opposed to Hibernation, as it was in Vista. This can be changed to do other actions from the Start Menu Properties menu.

Additional customization brings Videos and Recorded TV as links or menus to the right side of the Start Menu, next to your Documents, Music, and Games. Feel free to mess around the Customization options since you can always return to the default Start Menu settings by clicking the “default” button at the bottom.

Code Blue Screen Windows XP & Solutions

When Windows XP detects a problem that can not be repaired, Windows XP will display the STOP Message (Message STOP). This message is a message of damage in the form of text that provides information on the condition occurs.

STOP Message sometimes refer to BSOD (Blue Screen of Death) that contain specific information that can help you diagnose and allows you to fix problems detected by the Windows kernel.

Note: This list is not comprehensive and are not intended to resolve any errors / damage. This list is a guide for each message and the possible causes and solutions. With a basic understanding of error messages will also be easier for you to communicate with technical support.

The following list:

1. Stop 0×0000000A or IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL
Information:
Message Stop 0 × 0000000A indicates that a kernel-mode process or driver tried to access a memory location but do not have permission (license), or the kernel IRQL (interrupt request level) is too high. Kernel-mode process can access only other processes that have IRQL less than or equal to his own.
This Stop message usually occurs because of an error or not kompatibelnya (not suitable) hardware and software. Could also occur because the BIOS settings are not right.

Solution:
- Message Stop 0 × 0000000A may appear after installing the driver, system service, or firmware is wrong. If the Stop message lists a driver, disable, remove, or roll back (restore the driver to a version that works well) the faulty driver. If you disable or delete the drivers solve the problem, contact the device manufacturer (hardware) is problematic for possible driver updates are available.
- This Stop message also may occur because of defective hardware or problems. If the Stop message indicates a particular category of devices (video or disk adapters, for example), try out or replace the hardware to determine if the correct hardware is the source of the problem.
- If you are experiencing this Stop message when updating Windows XP to sp1, 2, or 3, the possibility of problems due to an incompatible driver, system service, virus scanner, or backup. To prevent this, before you perform the update of Windows, your hardware configuration features a minimum, and remove all third-party drivers (additional) and system services (including antivirus). After the Windows update is complete, contact your hardware manufacturer to obtain compatible updates to the version service pack (sp) Windows XP PC.
- If you are not sure of the three messages above, try reset the BIOS settings you come back.

2. Stop 0×0000001E or KMODE_EXCEPTION_NOT_HANDLED

Information:
Message Stop 0 × 0000001E indicates that the Windows XP kernel detected an illegal or processor instructions that are not known. The cause of this Stop message 0 × 0000001E similar to the cause of the message Stop 0 × 0000000A, namely because of access violations and invalid memory. Usually error-handler (handler error) by default from Windows XP will overcome this problem if there are no error-handling routines in the instruction code is executed.

Solution:
- Message Stop 0 × 0000001E generally occurs after installing a damaged driver or system service, or maybe there is a problem in hardware (such as memory and IRQ conflicts). If the Stop message lists a driver, disable, remove, or roll back (restore the driver to a version that works well) the faulty driver. If you disable or delete the drivers solve the problem, contact the device manufacturer (hardware) is problematic for possible driver updates are available.
- If the message include the Stop Win32k.sys file, the source of possible damage is the program "a remote-control" third-party. If similar programs were installed, you may be able to disable it through safe mode. If not, use Recovery Console to manually delete the file system service that causes the problem.
- Problems can also be caused by incompatible firmware. Most problems ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) can be improved by updating with the latest firmware.
- Another possibility for disk space is not sufficient when installing an application or perform certain functions that require more memory. You can delete files that are not required to obtain disk space. Use Disk Cleanup to increase disk space. Through the Recovery Console, remove temporary files (files with the extensions. Tmp), files, Internet cache files, application backup files, and files. Tmp generated by Chkdsk.exe or Autochk.exe. You can also choose to install the application on another hard drive with more space or can also move data from a full hard drive to hard drive with more space.
- This Stop message also may be caused by a memory leak (memory leak) from the application or service that does not release memory correctly. Poolmon (Poolmon.exe) to help you isolate the components that kernel memory leak. For more information about the handling of memory leaks see Microsoft Knowledgebase article Q177415 (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/177415): "How to Use Poolmon to Troubleshoot Kernel memory leaks" and Q298102 (http://support.microsoft .com/kb/298102): "Finding Pool Tags Used by Third Party Files Without Using the Debugger".

3. Stop 0×00000024 or NTFS_FILE_SYSTEM
Information:
Message Stop 0 × 00000024 indicates that there is a problem in Ntfs.sys (driver file that allows the system to read and write to NTFS file system drives). Similar Stop message, 0 × 00000023, indicates there is a problem in the file system FAT16 or FAT32 (File Allocation Table).

Solution:
- SCSI hardware malfunctions and ATA (Advanced Technology Attachment) or the driver may also affect the system's ability to read and write to the disk and cause errors. If using a SCSI hard drive, check cables and the problem stops (termination problem) between the SCSI controller and disk. Periodically check Event Viewer for error messages related to SCSI or FASTFAT in the System log or Application log in Autochk (Right click on My Computer, choose Manage, in the Computer Management - System Tools, select Event Viewer).
- Check the tool you normally use to monitor your system constantly (such as antivirus, backup programs, or the Disk Defragmenter program) is already compatible with Windows XP. Some disk or adapter is bundled with diagnostic software that you can use to test hardware.

The way to test hard disk or volume integrity:
Method 1:
1. Open a command prompt (Start - Run - type cmd)
2. Run the Chkdsk tool, which will detect and attempt to resolve the structure of the corrupted system files, by typing in the command prompt: chkdsk drive: / f

Method 2:
1. Double-click My Computer and select the disk you want checked.
2. On the File menu, select Properties.
3. Select the Tools tab.
4. On the Error-checking box, click Check Now.
5. In Check disk options, check the Scan for and attempt recovery of bad sectors. Option Automatically fix file system errors can also be checked.

If the volume you select is in use, a message will appear and ask whether to delay disk error checking until you restart the computer. After the restart, disk error checking runs and the volume being checked will not be used during the process. If you can not restart the computer because of an error, use safe mode or Recovery Console.

If you are not using the NTFS file system, and the system partition is formatted with the FAT16 file systems or FAT32 (File Allocation Table), the information LFN (Long File Name) can be lost if hard disk tools through a command prompt running MS-DOS. Command prompt that appears when using a startup floppy disk or when using the command prompt option in the boot multiple systems that use FAT16 or FAT32 partitions with Microsoft Windows 95 OEM Service Release 2 (OSR2), Microsoft Windows 98, or Microsoft Windows Millennium Edition (Me) which installed. Do not use tools other operating systems to Windows XP partition.

- Nonpaged pool memory might be depleted which can cause the system to stop. You can solve this problem by adding RAM, which will increase the quantity of nonpaged pool memory available to the kernel.

Tips to Speed Up Your Slow Windows 7 Performance

You have installed the latest operating system i.e Windows 7 on your PC. It is perfectly standing on the promises, which were made by Microsoft prior to the launch of Windows 7. But there is some issue; this operating system is not as fast as Windows XP was. Do not worry; you can make it faster by yourself and fix a slow computer performance and speed up Windows 7.

To speed up your slow Windows 7 experiences follow the mentioned tips -

First, know about the hardware requirements of your operating system. This latest offering by Microsoft supports following hardware configuration.

* CPU: More than 2GB, (Dual Core processor or its advanced version is considered better)
* Memory: More than 1GB, the more is the RAM the better is the speed.
* Hard Drive Space: The free space in hard drive should be more than 20GB and more than 5GB for the system cache.

Your system supports the provided configuration yet you have a slow computer, there may be some glitch in the operating system installed by you. To avoid such anomaly, you should again optimize Windows 7 in your PC.

Despite of these two tasks, you PC is facing troubles, there are lot more to do - as you must maintain your hard drive on regular basis.

Always keep an eye on the free space in hard drive and you must not save big files in primary partition.

You must keep track on regular cleaning out of files, which are not in your use.

While removing applications, make sure, you are performing every task correctly.

If PC is flaunting an error message, keep checking it. This may prevent your PC from getting slowed beyond belief.

A timely de-fragmentation of disk is equally important.

You can also enable write cache to speed-up your operating system.

[Note - Those who are not aware of the complete procedure of enabling write cache in the Window 7, can follow the mentioned tips to do it perfectly.

1. Click on "Start" and point to "Search".
2. Write "device" into the search box and Press "Search".
3. Select "Device Manager" in the search results.
4. Open the Disk Drive branch.
5. Click the hard disk for its property sheet.
6. Activate "Enable Write Caching" on the Device check box.
7. For maximum performance, activate the "Turn Off Windows Write-Cache Buffer Flushing on the Device" too.
8. Click "OK" for faster Windows 7.]

This is the simple method that can make your operating system run fast and your PC run smoothly.

G Cullen is a online technical support associate at PC Care. The extensive service spectrum of PC Care includes virus and spyware removal, operating system & software support, email & browser support as well as assistance in installation of all the peripheral accessories for you PC.

The Latest offering from PCCare247 includes Online Microsoft Windows 7 Support.The support for Windows 7 includes Windows Vista upgrade to Windows 7, Windows 7 Speed up, Windows 7 Optimization, Windows 7 Installation and other troubleshoot needs

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